The photos and illustrations in UXL Multicultural appear by permission of the following sources:
Abolitionist poster warning blacks of the danger of
slave catchers. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Acoma Pueblo, c. 1941, photograph by Ansel Adams. National
Archives and Records Administration.
Aerial view of Detroit during riot, 1967. AP/Wide World
Photos. Aerial view of Watts area during riot, 1965. Corbis-Bettmann. African Americans
are now represented on most fire and police forces. Firefighter in Miami, Florida. Corbis-
Bettmann. African Methodist Episcopal congregation, 1898. (c) Stanley B. Burns M.D. and
the Burns Archive. Reproduced by permission.
Alamo, San Antonio, TX. National Park Service, Department
of the Interior.
Album cover of Mucho Puente by Tito Puento, album cover.
Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
Alonzo y su Orquestra, a typical orchestra, c. 1950.
Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
American Indians whale fishing. The Granger Collection,
New York. American Progress, illustration. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Animal skin with pictorial history of Shoshoni chief
Washakie's combats. National Archives and Records Administration.
Apache infants on cradleboards. National Archives and
Records Administration.
Apache girls at coming-of-age ritual. AP/Wide World
Photos. Apache prisoners at Fort Bowie, Arizona, c. 1884. Photograph by Baker and Johnson.
National Archives and Records Administration.
Apaches hold their last tribal meeting, Mescalera, NM,
1919. Corbis-Bettmann. Apollo Theater. AP/Wide World Photos.
Arapaho Ghost Dance, illustration. National Archives and
Records Administration.
Armed Native Americans at 1973 Wounded Knee Takeover.
Corbis-Bettmann. Arrested Development. Archive Photos.
Art class, Phoenix Indian School, AZ, 1900. Photograph by
Messinger. National Archives and Records Administration.
Baptism service on the Potomac River. Archive Photos.
Bernard, Tabitha (making traditional Dene bannock).
Government of The Northwest Territories. Big Foot's band of Miniconjou Sioux lined up for
Ghost Dance, 1890. National Archives and Records Administration.
Bilingual grocery store. AP/Wide World Photos.
Black family. Photograph by Ken Estell. Black family at
dinner table, c. 1900. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Black family living in rural Georgia. (c) Stanley B. Burns
M.D. and the Burns Archive. Blackfoot hunting buffalo. Photograph by John M. Stanley.
National Archives and Records Administration.
Blackfoot on horseback, c. 1833. Photograph by Karl
Bodmer. National Archives and Records Administration.
U.S. black leaders meet to push for South African
sanctions, 1986. AP/Wide World Photos. Black members of the 2nd Infantry Division, Korea,
1950. Courtesy of U.S. Army.
Black Muslims. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Black rabbi stands in front of his Bronx, New York,
synagogue. New York Daily News. Black school children c. 1865. Courtesy of The Library of
Congress.
Black school room in Missouri, c. 1930. Corbis-Bettmann.
Black segregated school. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Blacksmithing class, Forest Grove, Oregon, 1882.
Photograph by Davidson. National Archives and Records Administration.
Black soldiers leave by train to serve in the war.
Courtesy of National Archives-U.S. War Department General Staff.
The black South African village of Cross Roads. United
Nations.
Black students being bused. Corbis-Bettmann.
Braves Massica (Sauk; left) and Wakusasse (Fox).
Photograph by Karl Bodmer. National Archives and Records Administration.
Bronx's Pregones Theatre Company in 1985, one of many in
New York. Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives, University of Houston. Brown, Ron,
opens the 1992 Democratic National Convention. Corbis-Bettmann. Buffalo dance of the
Mandans, illustration. National Archives and Records Administration.
Buffalo meat drying at an Arapaho camp. Photograph by
William S. Soule. National Archives and Records Administration.
Busing protests. AP/Wide World Photos.
California National Guardsman stands watch after Los
Angeles riot. Corbis-Bettmann. California Paiute family at campfire. Palmquist Collection.
Cameroonian women husking corn. United Nations.
Canadian Native culture groups (map). Courtesy of Duane
Champagne. Canadian natives protest for rights within the Canadian Constitution. Canapress
Photo Service.
Carlisle Indian School band, c. 1915. Photograph by
Gustave Hensel. National Archives and Records Administration.
Carlisle Indian School students conducting physics
experiments, c. 1915. National Archives and Records Administration.
Carmel Mission. Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission.
Cattleherders in rural Gambia. United Nations.
Cell used to hold newly arrived African slaves. Courtesy
of The Library of Congress.
Cemetery at Little Bighorn Battlefield. Archive Photos.
Central African woman preparing a meal. United Nations.
Central High School, Little Rock, AR. AP/Wide World
Photos. Chacon, Eusebio. Miguel A. Otero Collection, Special Collections, General Library,
University of New Mexico.
Chapel at Tuskeegee Institute. AP/Wide World Photos.
Cherokee Eagle Dance, scene from "Unto These
Hills." Cherokee Historical Association. Cherokee girl in costume, 1973.
Corbis-Bettmann.
Cheyenne chant at Clinton inaugauration, 1993. AP/Wide
World Photos. Chickasaw waiting to present petition at White House, c. 1950. AP/Wide World
Photos. Chief Arvol Looking Horse speaking against James Bay project, 1991. AP/Wide World
Photos. Chief Little Fox and others protest Thanksgiving parade. AP/Wide World Photos.
Children at Guadalupe Aztlan alternative school, Houston, TX, 1981. Photograph by Frank
Grizzaffi. Courtesy of Texas Catholic Herald.
Children during recess, Guadalupe Aztlan school, Houston,
TX, 1981. Photograph by Frank Grizzaffi. Courtesy of Texas Catholic Herald. Child's
birthday party in New York City. The Justo A. Marti Photographic Collection. Archives.
Centro de Esudios Puertorriquenos, Hunter College, CUNY. Chippewa man fishing with spear.
AP/Wide World Photos. Christmas Day Matachine Dancers. (c) Mark Nohl. New Mexico Magazine.
Christmas posada in Houston, 1988, photograph by Curtis
Dowell. Courtesy of Texas Catholic Herald. Chumash and Wukchummi men bless condors, Sespe
Condor Sanctuary, 1992. AP/Wide World Photos. Civil Rights protest in Birmingham, AL.
AP/Wide World Photos. Colored drinking fountain in North Carolina. Courtesy of The Library
of Congress.
Columbus, Christopher, landing in the New World.
Corbis-Bettmann. Commanche attack pioneers, engraving, 1857. Corbis-Bettmann.
Cortes, Hernan, being welcomed by Moctezuma.
Corbis-Bettmann. A cotton picker in 1933. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Council of Sioux chiefs and leaders settling Indian Wars,
1891. Photograph by John C.H. Grabill. National Archives and Records Administration.
Cover of Bless Me, Ultima by Rudolfo A. Anaya. Courtesy of
Arte Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
Cover of Daniel Venegas's satirical newspaper El
Malcriado, 1927, front page illustration. Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives,
University of Houston.
Cover of Kindred, by Octavia E. Butler. (c) 1979 by
Octavia E. Butler. Reproduced by permission of Beacon Press, Boston.
Cover of the first issue of Grafico newspaper, 1927.
Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives, University of Houston. Creek Council House,
Indian Territory, c. 1880. National Archives and Records Administration.
Cuba, Joe, Sextet, one of the first groups to record salsa
in English. Album cover of "The Joe Cuba Sextet." Courtesy of Arte Publico Press
Archives, University of Houston.
Cuban family reunited in Miami, 1980. AP/Wide World
Photos. Cuban refugees. Reuters/Blake Sell/Archive Photos.
Cuban refugees. Reuters/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by
permission.
Cuban refugees being held at Guantanamo Bay naval base.
AP/Wide World Photos. Cuban refugees prepare to board U.S. Navy warship. AP/Wide World
Photos. Dakota scaffold burial ritual, drawing. National Archives and Records
Administration.
Davison, Brigadier General F. (right), and Captain Murray
(left), Vietnam. AP/Wide World Photos. Declaration set forth by Indians of All Tribes at
Alcatraz. AP/Wide World Photos.
Demonstrators protest Supreme Court's Bakke Decision.
AP/Wide World Photos. Depiction of an escaped slave being returned. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Depiction of the trial of a freedman, Florida, 1867.
Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Depression (painting) by Jacob Lawrence. Courtesy of
Geoffrey Clements Photography/Whitney Museum.
Diversity in Hispanic Evangelism. Photograph by Curtis
Dowell. Courtesy of Texas Catholic Herald. Douglass (Frederick) House. National Park
Service, Department of the Interior.
Downtown Detroit. Photograph by Ken Estell.
Early settlers of Nicodemus, Kansas. Courtesy of Denver
Public Library-Wester Collection.
"Eastern Barn" (painting) by Romare Bearden.
Geoffrey Clements Photography. Ebenezer Baptist Church. AP/Wide World Photos.
Crow prisoners under guard at Crow Agency, Montana, 1887.
National Archives and Records Administration.
El Sanctuario de Chimayo, New Mexico. Archive Photos.
Elm Longhouse. London Museum of Archeology.
Engraving showing a slave auction, 1861. Corbis-Bettmann.
Entrance to Huron village. Huronia Museum. Reproduced by permission.
Equatoguinean children. United Nations.
Eskimos in row boats. AP/Wide World Photos.
Eskimos with umiak. Photograph by Stanley Morgan. National
Archives and Records Administration.
Estevanico. The Granger Collection, New York.
European claims on the eastern half of the U.S., 1655
(map). Archive Photos. European claims in U.S. to 1763 (map). National Park Service,
Department of the Interior.
Example of Cherokee in Sequoyah's syllabary, illustration.
University of Oklahoma Press. Families rehearse a posada during Christmas season, Houston,
TX, 1988, photograph by Curtis Dowell. Courtesy Texas Catholic Herald. Feast of the
crowning of Mary, Sacred Heart Cathedral, Houston, TX, 1987. Photograph by Curtis Dowell.
Courtesy of Texas Catholic Herald. Field worker in the Bracero Program. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
First African Methodist Episcopal Church, Los Angeles.
AP/Wide World Photos. Fito, Don, the peladito from the Carpa Garcia tent show. Courtesy of
Arte Publico Press Archives, University of Houston. Flathead delegation with interpreter,
1884. Photograph by C. M. Bell. National Archives and Records Administration.
Flower of Los Lunas (painting) by R. C. Gorman. Photograph
of painting by R. C. Gorman. Courtesy of R. C. Gorman Navajo Gallery, Taos, NM. Four
Delaware at the sanctification of Ellis Island. AP/Wide World Photos. Nuaguntit Paiutes,
southwestern Nevada, 1873. Photograph by John K. Hillers. National Archives and Records
Administration. Foxwoods High Stakes Bingo and Casino. AP/Wide World Photos. Free black
militia stationed in Spanish Florida and elsewhere, 1795. Courtesy of Arte Publico Press
Archives, University of Houston. Freed black migrants leaving the South. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Freed slaves wait for work opportunities. U.S. Signal
Corps National Archive.
Freedom riders march through Granada, Mississippi.
Corbis-Bettmann. Funeral after Kanesatake standoff. Corbis-Bettmann.
Gabrielino traditional homes, Mission San Gabriel. Los
Angeles Public Library.
Gambian president Dauda Jawara addresses local
authorities. United Nations.
Girls praying beside their beds, Phoenix Indian School,
AZ, 1900. Photograph by Messinger. National Archives and Records Administration.
Girl's shorthand class, Haskell Institute, Lawrence, KS,
c. 1910. Photograph by Squires. National Archives and Records Administration.
Gonzalez, "Pancho," winning the U.S. Open, 1948.
UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Gonzalez, Pedro J., singing group, Los Madrugadores. Courtesy of Arte
Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
Group of African slaves disembark in America. Courtesy of
The Library of Congress.
Group of black World War I sailors. Courtesy of National
Archive-U.S. War Department General Staff.
Haida at totem pole dedication ceremony, PEPSICO
Headquarters. AP/Wide World Photos. Handbill offering reward for return of slaves,
illustration. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Harlem Globetrotters. Archive Photos.
Harpers Ferry National Park. AP/Wide World Photos.
Harris, Barbara, celebrating Eucharist. AP/Wide World
Photos. Hispanic Business Conference, poster. Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives,
University of Houston.
Hispanic Women's Conference, Dallas, TX, 1987. Courtesy of
Arte Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
Hopi child clown. Photograph by Owen Seumptewa.
Hopi elders at Senate hearing on the Hopi/Navajo land
dispute, 1974. AP/Wide World Photos. Hopi man and woman perform religious ritual in Paris,
1979. AP/Wide World Photos. Hopi man having hair dressed by his wife. National Archives
and Records Administration.
Hopi pueblo. Photograph by John H. Hillers. National
Archives and Records Administration.
Hopi woman dressing hair of Hopi girl. Photograph by Henry
Peabody. National Archives and Records Administration.
Houston Hall, Lincoln University. AP/Wide World Photos.
Image of Our Lady of Guadalupe on tour from Mexico, 1992. Photograph by Curtis Dowell.
Courtesy of Texas Catholic Herald.
Indian airmen perform mock Indian dance for fellow
servicemen. National Archives Trust Fund Board.
Indian burial ground, 1849, illustration. National
Archives and Records Administration.
Indian students march during American Indian Heritage
Month. Photograph by Mike McClure. Indian Territory before 1854 (map). D. C. Heath &
Co. Reproduced by permission.
Indian village of Pomeioc, North Carolina, 1885.
Photograph by John White. National Archives and Records Administration.
Inuit dance orchestra. Photograph by Stanley Morgan.
National Archives and Records Administration.
Inuit (Eskimo) harpooning a whale, Point Barrow, Alaska.
Photograph by Stanley Morgan. National Archives and Records Administration.
Inuit group, Port Clarence, Alaska, 1894. National
Archives and Records Administration.
Inuit ice fishing, 1970. Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by
permission.
Inuit mother with child, c. 1915. Photograph by H. G.
Kaiser. National Archives and Records Administration.
Interior of a Navajo hogan, New Mexico, 1903. Photograph
by D. Griffith. National Archives and Records Administration.
Inuit blanket toss, Barrow, Alaska. Photograph by Chris
Wooley.
Iron Eyes and others at Golden Boots Awards, 1992. AP/Wide
World Photos. Iroquois leaders from five nations (engraving, 1724). The Granger
Collection, New York. Iroquois march on Vermont State House, 1953. AP/Wide World Photos.
Iroquois steel workers at New York City construction site, 1925. Corbis-Bettmann. Iroquois
unearthing bones of their ancestors for reburial. Corbis-Bettmann. King, Martin Luther,
Jr., delivering his "I Have a Dream" speech. AP/Wide World Photos. King, Martin
Luther, Jr. (front center), leads Selma-to- Montgomery march. Corbis-Bettmann.
King, Martin Luther, Jr., and others were active in
boycotting buses in Montgomery. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.
Klan cross burning near Edinburgh, Mississippi. AP/Wide
World Photo. Ku Klux Klan marches down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C.. Courtesy
of The Library of Congress.
La Raza Cosmica, mural by Luis Valdez. Jacinto Quirarte.
Laguna Pueblo, New Mexico, 1879. Photograph by John K.
Hillers. National Archives and Records Administration.
Larsen, David, at monument marking execution of 100 Dakota
Sioux, 1987. AP/Wide World Photos. LeBeau, Andi, and Kirsten Martel enjoy a moment during
graduation, 1990. Photograph by Mike McClure. Reproduced by permission.
Lincoln, Abraham, at the first reading of the Emancipation
Proclamation. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Little Big Mouth in front of lodge. Photograph by William
S. Soule. National Archives and Records Administration.
Little Hawk, Hazel, speaks at rally for Leonard Peltier.
AP/Wide World Photos. Long Island, New York, mid-1600s (map). Archive Photos.
Longest Walk protest. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by
permission.
Los Angeles's California Theater. Courtesy of Arte Publico
Press Archives, University of Houston.
Poster from 1954 play Los arboles mueren de pie, 1954.
Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives, Universty of Houston.
Lugo family, Bell Gardens, California, c. 1888. Los
Angeles Co. Museum of Natural History.
Lugu, Ramona, Cahuilla, at her home. Los Angeles Public
Library.
Lunch counter sit-in. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by
permission.
Lunch counter sit-in. AP/Wide World Photos.
Lynching victim. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Machito album cover, Mucho Macho. Courtesy of Arte Publico
Press Archives, University of Houston.
Malcolm X speaking at a Black Muslim rally in Harlem.
AP/Wide World Photos. Man and his son participate in the Million Man March. AP/Wide World
Photos. Map of the New World, by Abraham Ortelius of Antwerp, 1570. Corbis-Bettmann.
Marshall, Thurgood, standing in front of Supreme Court, 1958. Corbis-Bettmann. Martinez,
Maria, and her husband making pottery. AP/Wide World Photos. Mason Theatre, a movie and
popular vaudville house in Los Angeles. Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives,
University of Houston. Mass burial after the massacre at Wounded Knee. Corbis-Bettmann.
Mass citizenship swearing-in ceremony, Hoffberg Pavillion, University of Houston.
Photograph by Curtis Dowell. Courtesy of Texas Catholic Herald. Masthead from Garrison's
Liberator newspaper. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Means, Russell, Dennis Banks, and Ralph Abernathy at
Wounded Knee, 1973. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission.
Medicine man Charlie Turquoise leads a group of Navajo
dancers. National Archives and Records Administration.
Medicine man ministering to a patient, drawing. University
of Oklahoma Press. Members of the Ministers Coalition for Peace pray in Los Angeles.
AP/Wide World Photos. Mescalero Apache Devil Dancers, engraving. Archive Photos.
Mexican activists protest in front of U.S. embassy.
Reuters/Corbis-Bettmann. Mexican citizen climbs back to Mexican side of border, photograph
by John Gibbons. Reuters/John Gibbons/Archive Photos. Reproduced by permission.
Mexican fourth graders at Drachman School, c. 1913.
Arizona Historical Society Library.
Mexican Independence Day Parade, Houston, TX, 1982,
photograph by Curtis Dowell. Courtesy of Texas Catholic Herald.
Mexican mine workers in Arizona, c. early 1900s. Courtesy
of Arizona Historical Society Library.
Mexican musicians in California, c. 1890s. Huntington
Library, San Marino, CA.
Mexican women working at a commercial tortilla factory,
1930s. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Mexican worker being fingerprinted for deportation.
Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Million Man March, photograph by Greg Newton. Reuters/Greg
Newton/Archive Photos. Minaret in Agadez, Niger. United Nations.
Mission Dolores, San Francisco, CA. Archive Photos.
Mission San Diego de Alcala, San Diego, CA. AP/Wide World
Photos. Mission San Luis Rey de Francia. Archive Photos.
Moapariat Paiute woman gathering seeds, southern Nevada,
1873. Photograph by John K. Hillers. National Archives and Records Administration.
Mohawk protesting at Canadian Consulate in New York City,
1990. AP/Wide World Photos. Moonrise, painting by R. C. Gorman. Courtesy of R. C. Gorman
Navajo Gallery, Taos, NM. Two Bulls Fighting, painting by Norval Morrisseau, illustration.
Glenbow Archives, Calgary, Canada, NA-1039-1.
Multi-storied pueblos at Mesa Verde, Colorado. Mesa Verde
National Park.
Museum of American Indian, New York City. Corbis-Bettmann.
An NAACP office, 1945. Courtesy of NAACP. Reproduced by permission.
National Migration Week, 1991, poster, issued by U.S.
Catholic Conference. Impact Visuals/Mev Puleo. Native American delegation with officials
at White House. AP/Wide World Photos. Native American revitalization movements (map).
Courtesy of Duane Champagne. Native man (in costume). Stephen Lehmer/Art Dept UCLA
Navajo children play in school yard of overcrowded Navajo
school. AP/Wide World Photos. Navajo dancers in colorful costumes. Cortez C.U. Cultural
Center and Museum. Navajo family in Canyon de Chelly, New Mexico Territory, 1873.
Photograph by Timothy O'Sullivan. National Archives and Records Administration.
Navajo hogan and cornfield near Holbrook, AZ. Photograph
by F. A. Ames. National Archives and Records Administration.
Navajo medicine man at dedication of hospital, Fort
Defiance, AZ, 1938. AP/Wide World Photos. Navajo protest giving land to Hopi, Big
Mountain, AZ, 1986. AP/Wide World Photos. Navajo protesters march to present grievances to
tribal officials, 1976. AP/Wide World Photos.
Navajo reservation. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by
permission.
Navajo women grinding corn to make bread, Grand Canyon,
1935. AP/Wide World Photos. Newspaper depiction of a fugitive slave, 1837, engraving.
New York's African Free School No. 2. Courtesy Schomburg
Center for Research in Black Culture.
Night Chant, painting by Harrison Begay. The Philbrook
Museum of Art, Tulsa, Oklahoma. 9th Cavalry in formation, 1889. Courtesy of National
Archives U.S. Signal Corps.
92nd Division, Ponsacco, Italy, 1944. U.S. Army
Photograph.
Nooksack tribal gathering/salmon bake to discuss fishing
rights, 1970. Photograph by Stephen Lehmer/Art Dept UCLA.
North Carolina Indians fishing, 1885, illustration.
Photograph by John White. National Archives and Records Administration. Northwest Coast
Indians fishing in Columbia River, 1871. The Granger Collection, New York. Reproduced by
permission.
Omaha boys in uniforms, Carlisle Indian School,
Pennsylvania, 1880. National Archives and Records Administration.
An orquestra tipica in Houston. Courtesy of Arte Publico
Press Archives, University of Houston.
Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Church, Montecito, CA. Archive
Photos. Outside Ebenezer Baptist Church while King's body lay in state inside. The
Bettmann Archive. Overseer weighs cotton picked by slaves. Archive Photos/Lass. Owens,
Jesse, winning collegiate broadjump competition. AP/Wide World Photos. Paiute Arrow Maker
and his daugher, Kaivavit, northern Arizona, 1872. National Archives and Records
Administration.
Paiute children playing game called wolf and deer,
Arizona, 1872. Photograph by John K. Hillers. National Archives and Records
Administration.
Palace of the Governors, Santa Fe, NM. AP/Wide World
Photos. Papago basketmaker at work. Photograph by H. T. Corey. National Archives and
Records Administration.
Parks, Rosa, being fingerprinted after arrest, 1955.
AP/Wide World Photos. Paths of early European penetration of U.S. (map). National Park
Service, Department of the Interior.
Pawnee chief Alex Mathews at meeting of Clinton and tribal
leaders. National Archives and Records Administration.
Peace pipe ceremony at end of Trail of Tears reenactment,
1951. AP/Wide World Photos. Photograph of a typical slave family. Courtesy of The Library
of Congress.
Police and National Guardsmen arrest rioters in Newark.
Corbis-Bettmann. Polychromy (reconstruction, 1948). Jacinto Quirarte. Photograph courtesy
of Harvey Smith, Jr.
Poster advertising a minstrel performance. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Poster for Spanish-Speaking Coalition Conference, October
1971. Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
Poster mocking the Freed Man's Bureau. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Powell, Colin, visits troops during Gulf War. AP/Wide
World Photos. Powell, Colin, with Navajo Code Talkers at Pentagon exhibit, 1992. AP/Wide
World Photos. Prehistoric pictographs on sand rocks, Adamana, Arizona. Photograph by D.
Griffiths. National Archives and Records Administration.
Principal Clifford Watson with students of Malcolm X
Academy, Detroit. (c) Bruce Giffin. Protestors against forced busing in Alabama.
Corbis-Bettmann. Puerto Rican garment workers in New York City. Courtesy of Arte Publico
Press Archives, University of Houston.
Puyallup fishing rights protest covered by media, Tacoma,
WA, 1970. Stephen Lehmer/Art Dept UCLA.
Quinaielt Johnnie Saux holding a dog salmon. Photograph by
Walter D. Wilcox. National Archives and Records Administration.
Rancho de Taos Mission, New Mexico. Archive Photos.
Reconstructed Algonkian village. Institute for American
Indian Studies. Restaurant worker. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.
Revels, Hiram R.. U.S. Senate Historical Office.
Revival of the Ghost Dance, May 1974. Photograph by
Richard Erdoes. Riddle, Winema, her husband, and four other Modoc women, 1873.
Corbis-Bettmann. Ross, Diana, performs with the Supremes, 1970. AP/Wide World Photos.
Round Valley Agency, California, 1876. National Archives and Records Administration.
Royal Presidio Chapel, Monterey. Archive Photos.
Rural farmers in Chad. United Nations.
Saint Augustine, Castillo de San Marco. Arte Publico Press
Archives, University of Houston. Saint Joachim, San Jose y San Miguel de Aguayo Mission,
San Antonio, TX. Jacinto Quirarte. Courtesy of Kathy Vargas. Saint Michael's Mission
Chapel, St. Michaels, AZ. Courtesy of Rev. Pio O'Conner, OFM. San Diego de Alcala Mission.
Corbis-Bettmann.
Sanipass, David, and son pound strips of ash to be woven
into baskets. AP/Wide World Photos. San Jose y San Miguel de Aguayo Mission, San Antonio,
TX. Jacinto Quirarte. Courtesy of Kathy Vargas.
San Juan Capistrano Mission (bell wall), San Antonio, TX.
Jacinto Quirarte. Santa Clara Pueblo Indians making pottery, New Mexico, 1916. Photograph
by H.T. Corey. National Archives and Records Administration.
Scene from Boulevard Nights, 1979. Courtesy of Arte
Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
Scene from Dolores Prida's Beautiful Senoritas. Courtesy
of Arte Publico Press Archives, University of Houston. Scene from El Teatro Urbano's
"Anti-Bicentennial Special," 1976. Courtesy of Arte Publico Press Archives,
University of Houston. Scene from Rodrigo Duarte Clark's Brujerias. Courtesy of Arte
Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
Scottsboro Boys. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann.
Segregation sign. AP/Wide World Photos.
Segregation sign at Railroad Station. AP/Wide World
Photos. Segregation sign: "Colored Waiting Room," photograph. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Segregation sign: "White Waiting Room,"
photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Seminole chiefs captured during French and Indian War,
woodcut. Corbis-Bettmann. Seminole cowboy on bronco. Photograph by David Phillips.
Seminole dancer. Photograph by David Phillips.
Seminoles in traditional dress. Archive Photos.
Seneca Jesse Cornplanter making a ceremonial mask.
Photograph by Helen Post. National Archives and Records Administration.
Sewing at Brighton Day School, Glades County Reservation,
FL, 1941. Photograph by Alexander. National Archives and Records Administration.
The Sharks face off with the Jets in West Side Story. Arte
Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
Sherman, William T., and the Sioux signing treaty, 1868.
National Archives and Records Administration.
Simiguluk with his wares. Photograph by Stanley Morgan.
National Archives and Records Administration.
Simpson, O. J., at his murder trial.
Reuters/Corbis-Bettmann. Sioux Bear Regrets leads ceremony during Alcatraz occupation,
1970. AP/Wide World Photos. Sioux boys on arrival at Carlisle Indian School, 1879.
Photograph by J. N. Choate. National Archives and Records Administration.
Sioux encampment. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Sioux Police on horseback. National Archives and Records
Administration.
Sioux Sun Dance, illustration. National Archives and
Records Administration.
Six Native Chiefs at inauguration of Teddy Roosevelt,
1905. AP/Wide World Photos. Sixth grade classroom, Huelga School, Houston, TX. Photograph
by Curtis Dowell. Courtesy of Texas Catholic Herald.
Slave catching and trading apparatuses. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Slave women sitting in pile of cotton. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Slavery handbill offering cash for slaves, illustration.
Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Slaves believed to have used the Underground Railroad to
escape slavery. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Slaves working on a cotton plantation. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Slaves outside their quarters. Courtesy of The Library of
Congress.
Soldier at the Monterey Presidio, 1786. Bancroft Library,
University of California.
South African children behind fence isolating them from
white community. United Nations.
Southern Pacific Railroad workers during World War II.
Arizona Historical Society Library.
St. Augustine Church. Archive Photos/Russell A. Thompson.
String and belt wampum, c. 1890. National Archives and Records Administration.
Students at Tuskeegee Institute, 1902. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Students being bused in Woodville, Mississippi.
Corbis-Bettmann. Student sit-in at segregated lunch counter in Atlanta, 1960. AP/Wide
World Photos. Stump Horn and family showing home and horsedrawn travois, 1890. Photograph
by Christian Barthelmess. National Archives and Records Administration.
Sun Dance piercing at Crow Dog's place. Photograph by
Richard Erdoes. Swimmer, Ross O., chief of the Cherokee Nation, 1983. Corbis-Bettmann.
Taos Pueblo, New Mexico, 1941, photograph by Ansel Adams. National Archives and Records
Administration.
Teton Sioux horseraces, illustration. National Archives
and Records Administration.
Thirty-seven month calendar, kept on skin by Anko (Kiowa),
c. 1895. National Archives and Records Administration.
Three Marine Corps women reservists, Camp Lejeune, NC,
1943. National Archives and Records Administration.
Tlingit girls, Tsacotna and Natsanitna. National Archives
and Records Administration.
Totem Heritage Center, Ketchikan, Alaska. (c) Thomas
Hoepker. Reproduced by permission of Joe Manfredini.
Trail of Tears (painting) by Robert Lindneux. The Granger
Collection, New York. Tuscarora protest New York state's reservoir project. Buffalo and
Erie County Historical Society. Typical black rural residence. Courtesy of The Library of
Congress.
Typical slave life in early America. Courtesy of The
Library of Congress.
Unemployed workers in line at a relief office during the
Depression. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
U.S. federal and state recognized reservations (map).
Courtesy of Duane Champagne. U.S.S. Harmon, named in honor of black sailor Leonard Roy
Harmon. AP/Wide World Photos. United Bronx Parents, Inc. With founder and Executive
Director, Evelina Antonetty. The records of the United Bronx Parents, Inc. Archives.
Centro de Estudios Puertorriquenos, Hunter College, CUNY. Urban Indian picketing Warner
Brothers. Los Angeles Public Library.
Victory Dance (De Bry engraving), 1591. The Granger
Collection, New York. Washington, Booker T.'s, boyhood home. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Wife of
a Presidio soldier in Monterey, 1786. Bancroft Library, University of California.
Winter village of the Hidatsa in Dakota Territory, c.
1833. Photograph by Karl Bodmer. National Archives and Records Administration.
Woman praying at church. AP/Wide World Photos.
Woman waits for amnesty application. AP/Wide World Photos.
Women laundry workers. Courtesy of The Library of Congress.
Working class orquestra, ca. 1930. Courtesy of Arte
Publico Press Archives, University of Houston.
Wounded Knee Massacre. Corbis-Bettmann.
Young Cherokee mother and child, 1942. Corbis-Bettmann.
Youth Civil Rights Protest in Birmingham, AL. AP/Wide World Photos. Zuni men, 1879.
Photograph by John K. Hillers. National Archives and Records Administration.